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Importer Security Filing (ISF)
Definition
The Importer Security Filing (ISF, often called 10+2) is advance shipment data that must be filed electronically with CBP for ocean cargo bound for the U.S., generally no later than 24 hours before it is loaded on the vessel at the foreign port.
What it means
The rule is in 19 CFR 149.2: the ISF Importer, or its authorized agent, must submit the filing through a CBP-approved electronic system, "no later than 24 hours before the cargo is laden aboard the vessel at the foreign port."[1] A couple of elements may be sent later, but still before arrival.
CBP's FAQ says the party responsible for filing is the one "causing the goods to enter the limits of a port in the United States," which could be the owner, purchaser, consignee or agent, and that the bond regulations provide for liquidated damages of $5,000 per violation for ISF defaults.[2] Most importers have their customs broker or forwarder file it.
Example
A container is booked to load in Ningbo on Friday morning. The importer's broker files the ISF on Wednesday, well before the 24-hour cutoff, so the container is not held back from loading.
Related
Related terms
- Customs BrokerA customs broker is a person or company licensed by U.S. Customs and Border Protection to conduct customs...Glossary
- Importer of RecordThe importer of record (IOR) is the party responsible for an import entry: making sure it is correct and that...Glossary
- Customs BondA customs bond is a financial guarantee filed with CBP that the importer will pay duties, taxes and charges...Glossary
- Bill of LadingA bill of lading (BOL) is the document a carrier issues for freight it receives: a receipt for the goods and...Glossary
Related questions
- What Documents Are Needed to Import a Container into the U.S.?For a typical ocean import: an Importer Security Filing made before the container is loaded abroad, the bill...Answer
- Do I Need a Customs Broker to Import Goods?Not legally. U.S. law requires a customs broker's license only for conducting customs business on behalf of...Answer
Sources
- Legal Information Institute, Cornell Law School, “19 CFR § 149.2, Importer Security Filing requirements,” Federal regulation. Accessed September 30, 2026.
- U.S. Customs and Border Protection, “Importer Security Filing "10+2" Program Frequently Asked Questions,” Government guidance. Published July 9, 2010. Accessed September 30, 2026.
General operational information, not legal, customs or regulatory advice. Rules and rates change; confirm current requirements with the agency, carrier or contract that governs your shipment.